A method for improving power distribution characteristics of space time block codes

Improving power distribution characteristics of space time block codes (STBCs), namely peak to average power ratio (PAPR), average to minimum power ratio (Ave/min), and probability of transmitting "zero" by antenna, makes easier their practical implementation. To this end, this study proposes to multiply full diversity STBC with a non-singular matrix in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) or multiple input single output (MISO) systems with linear or maximum likelihood (ML) receivers. It is proved that the obtained code achieves full diversity and the order of detection complexity does not change. The proposed method is applied to different types of STBCs. The bit error rate (BER) and power distribution characteristics of the new codes demonstrate the superiority of the introduced method. Further, lower and upper bounds on the BER of the obtained STBCs are derived for all receivers. The proposed method provides trade-off among PAPR, spectral efficiency, energy efficiency, and BER.